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Frequently asked questions

Cyber ranges, and this one.

What a cyber range is, and how RangeAX works.

Cyber ranges in general · RangeAX

Cyber ranges in general · 1 / 22

What is a cyber range?

A controlled environment that recreates real networks, systems and users so defenders can practise against real attacks without any risk to live operations.

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Cyber ranges in general · RangeAXAll answers (22)

What is a cyber range?

A controlled environment that recreates real networks, systems and users so defenders can practise against real attacks without any risk to live operations.

What is cyber terrain?

The estate an exercise runs on: hosts, networks, services, identities and data. Terrain is defined as code so the same environment can be rebuilt exactly.

How does live-fire differ from a tabletop exercise?

A tabletop discusses decisions. Live-fire makes teams carry them out on running systems, under time pressure, while an adversary is actually moving.

What is an OT/ICS digital twin?

A faithful model of a specific operational environment — a substation, a payment switch, a rail signalling loop — used to rehearse incidents that cannot be tested in production.

What formats do range exercises take?

Attack–defence, capture-the-flag, red versus blue, purple-team validation, incident-response drills, sector-wide exercises, hackathons and individual assessments.

Why map scenarios to MITRE ATT&CK?

It gives adversary behaviour a common vocabulary, so training coverage, detection gaps and readiness can be measured rather than asserted.

What does an after-action review produce?

A replay of what actually happened, scored evidence for each objective, and findings that become the requirements for the next exercise.

Which institutions need a range?

Any organisation whose incident response has to work the first time: police and investigative agencies, national CERTs, defence, utilities, banks, telecoms and the universities that train their staff.

How long does an exercise take?

Formats run from a two-hour skills lab to a multi-day sector exercise. The limiting factor is usually people and terrain capacity, not the platform.

Is a range only for technical teams?

No. The same run supports SOC analysts, forensic examiners, incident commanders and the executives who have to decide under pressure.

What is RangeAX?

A multi-tenant sovereign cyber range built by Axxonet System Technologies for law enforcement agencies, national CERTs and cyber institutions.

What are the three surfaces?

Range Console for the institution running exercises, Control Plane for the operator across all tenants, and a mobile-first Participant Workspace for trainees.

Can it run with no internet at all?

Yes. Fully air-gapped deployment is supported: local accounts, two-person break-glass access, and content updates that arrive offline, one way.

Where does our data live?

Inside your jurisdiction, on your site, under your operators. No telemetry leaves the boundary; egress is blocked by default.

How are teams isolated from each other?

One VLAN per team, egress sinkholed, sandboxes cloned from golden snapshots. On teardown volumes are wiped and the wipe is verified before addresses return to the pool.

What content ships with the platform?

A 69-scenario library, 15 event formats, and OT/ICS digital twins across 12 critical sectors, all mapped to MITRE ATT&CK.

How is scoring evidenced?

Every action is recorded to an append-only audit ledger. Runs replay exactly, so a score can be traced to the evidence that produced it.

What deployment options exist?

On-premises, fully air-gapped, or sovereign cloud hosted in-country under your regulator’s residency rules — the same platform in each case.

Who operates the range day to day?

Your people. The provider control plane exists only where one organisation runs the range for several tenants.

Which languages are supported?

The interface is localised into 18 languages, right-to-left included. Legal documents are provided in English.

How does an exercise reach the range?

A signed scenario definition is authored and reviewed, an instance pins that version to a window, the pool reserves terrain, and preflight gates the run before teams arrive.

How do we evaluate it?

Ask for a briefing. We demonstrate on your terms, and where required on your own ground.

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LAST UPDATED: 19 AUG 2026 · AXXONET SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES

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This Privacy Policy governs the manner in which Axxonet System Technologies (hereafter called "Axxonet") collects, uses, maintains and discloses information collected from users (each, a "User") of the RangeAX website ("Site") and the RangeAX applications. This privacy policy applies to the Site and all products and services offered by Axxonet under the RangeAX name.

1. Personal identification information

We may collect personal identification information from Users in a variety of ways, including, but not limited to, when Users visit our Site, request a briefing or demonstration, register for an event, respond to a survey, fill out a form, and in connection with other activities, services, features or resources we make available. Users may be asked for, as appropriate, name, organisation, official email address, mailing address and phone number. Users may, however, visit our Site anonymously.

2. Non-personal identification information

We may collect non-personal identification information about Users whenever they interact with our Site. This may include the browser name, the type of computer and technical information about Users' means of connection to our Site, such as the operating system, language preference and similar information.

3. How we use collected information

Axxonet may collect and use Users' personal information to respond to enquiries and briefing requests, to improve our Site and services, and to send periodic communications the User has requested. Information submitted through the contact form is used solely to respond to the request it accompanies.

4. How we protect your information

We adopt appropriate data collection, storage and processing practices and security measures to protect against unauthorized access, alteration, disclosure or destruction of your personal information, username, password, transaction information and data stored on our Site. RangeAX deployments additionally support fully air-gapped operation in which no customer data leaves the customer's premises.

5. Sharing your personal information

We do not sell, trade, or rent Users' personal identification information to others. We may share generic aggregated demographic information not linked to any personal identification information regarding visitors and users with our business partners and trusted affiliates for the purposes outlined above.

6. Third-party websites

Users may find content on our Site that links to the sites and services of our partners, suppliers, licensors and other third parties. We do not control the content or links that appear on these sites and are not responsible for the practices employed by websites linked to or from our Site. Browsing and interaction on any other website, including websites which have a link to our Site, is subject to that website's own terms and policies.

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Axxonet has the discretion to update this privacy policy at any time. When we do, we will post a notification on the main page of our Site and revise the updated date at the top of this page. We encourage Users to frequently check this page for any changes to stay informed about how we are helping to protect the personal information we collect.

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By using this Site, you signify your acceptance of this policy. If you do not agree to this policy, please do not use our Site. Your continued use of the Site following the posting of changes to this policy will be deemed your acceptance of those changes.

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If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy, the practices of this Site, or your dealings with this Site, please contact us via axxonet.com.

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LAST UPDATED: 19 AUG 2026 · AXXONET SYSTEM TECHNOLOGIES

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The following terms and conditions govern all use of the RangeAX website and all content, services and products available at or through this website. The Website is owned and operated by Axxonet System Technologies ("Axxonet"). The Website is offered subject to your acceptance without modification of all of the terms and conditions contained herein and all other operating rules, policies (including, without limitation, Axxonet's Privacy Policy) and procedures that may be published from time to time on this Site by Axxonet (collectively, the "Agreement"). Your access to and use of this Site is subject to the following terms and conditions and all applicable laws.

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The following terminology applies to these Terms and Conditions, Privacy Statement and Disclaimer Notice and any or all Agreements: "Client", "You" and "Your" refers to you, the person accessing this website and accepting the Company's terms and conditions. "The Company", "Ourselves", "We" and "Us" refers to our Company. "Party", "Parties", or "Us" refers to both the Client and ourselves, or either the Client or ourselves. All terms refer to the offer, acceptance and consideration of payment necessary to undertake the process of our assistance to the Client in the most appropriate manner, whether by formal meetings of a fixed duration, or any other means, for the express purpose of meeting the Client's needs in respect of provision of the Company's stated services and products, in accordance with and subject to, prevailing Indian Law. Any use of the above terminology or other words in the singular, plural, capitalisation and/or he/she or they, are taken as interchangeable and therefore as referring to same.

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You agree to use this Site only for lawful purposes. The law has created specific offences for unauthorised actions against computer systems and data. We will investigate any such actions with a view to prosecuting and/or taking civil proceedings to recover damages against those responsible. RangeAX itself is a controlled training environment; nothing on this Site grants any right to test, probe or attack systems you do not own or operate without written authorisation.

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